Procter & Gamble Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Procter and Gamble Company - Research Paper Example The organization, which has been in the business for a long time, has earned an extraordinary number of acknowledgments throughout the years. These included, to refer to two or three, a sixth positioning on Fortune’s â€Å"Global Most Admired Companies†, a second on Fortune’s â€Å"Top Companies for Leaders† review, top rankings on the Dow Jones Sustainability Index from 2000 to 2010, and most imaginative producer in the purchaser bundled merchandise industry for the most recent decade given by the Symphony IRI gathering. Furthermore, P&G has additionally been perceived by the National Association for Female Executives (Top 50 Companies for Executive Women) and Black Enterprise magazine (40 Best Companies for Diversity); grants identified with making an assorted work environment. What's more, P&G has been reliably an individual from the Billion Dollar Roundtable, comprised of 17 organizations that spend more than $1 billion every year with assorted providers, since 2005 (Procter and Gamble Co., 2011). P&G serves shopper, family unit and pharmaceutical merchandise to buyers in excess of 180 nations. Having around 127,000 representatives for ground tasks in 80 nations (Procter and Gamble Co., 2011) , the organization makes in any event 250 brands in six fundamental classes: clothing and cleaning (cleansers), paper merchandise (tissue), excellence care (beauty care products and shampoos), food and refreshments (espresso and bites), female consideration (sterile towels) and human services (toothpaste and medication), (Corporate Watch , 2002). Among the quality and authority brands made by the organization are Ivory, Pampers, Tide, Ariel, Always, Whisper, Pantene, Folgers, Charmin, Downy, Lenor, Iams, Crest, Oral B, Actonel, Duracell, Olay, head and Shoulders, Wella, Gilette, and Braun (Procter and Gamble Co., 2006). History P&G has changed the way of life of shoppers around the world, the historical backdrop of which can be established route in 1837 in Cincinnati, Ohio. William Procter, who was initially from England, and James Gamble, a foreigner from Ireland, had run into each other when they wedded sisters Olivia and Elizabeth Norris (Procter and Gamble Co., 2006). The organization of the two was recommended by their common dad in-law, Alexander Norris, who expressed that both William’s exchange, flame making and James’ which was cleanser making would use lye from creature fat and wood remains that were conspicuous in Cincinnati (FundingUniverse, 2003). Around then of the business foundation, Williams and James utilized a forward-looking methodology notwithstanding the money related frenzy across US wherein banks were bankrupt and rivalry among cleanser and flame creators were intense. Regardless of the years prompting common war during the 1850s, P&G had the option to acquire enormous agreements from the national government to give the Union armed force cleanser and flame items (Dyer, Dalzell, and Olegario, 2004). Besides, Williams and James’ organization had the option to begin one of the main benefit sharing projects in the US, and furthermore put resources into an exploration research center (Procter and Gamble Co., 2006). It was during the 1890s when P&G created and sold 30 distinct sorts of cleanser, which incorporated the celebrated brand Ivory and cleansers for dishwashing and washing garments. The viable ads of the items using radio â€Å"soap operas†, item testing and limited time premiums expanded the interest which prompted extension of tasks in Kansas City, Kansas and Ontario, Canada. A different universe wide realized item presented by P&G in 1946 was Tide. The presentation of Tide was surprisingly fruitful which prepared to having new markets across mainlands (Procter and Gamble Co., 2006). A couple of years following the impression of Tide, a few items were brought into the market. The primary fluoride toothpaste, Cres t, turned out to be prevalently known as it was supported by the American Dental

Trading Route Implications of Widening Panama Canal

ABSRACT The Panama Canal Authority is reacting to the need to oblige bigger ships through the trench; a 5. 2 billion dollars venture to extending and enlarging the trench is set up and expected to close on August 2014. The new framework will influence today transporting elements and just a couple of ports on the East Coast of the United States will be prepared to get the post-Panamax vessels; in this record we will talk about what the Miami (FL), Jacksonville (FL) and Freeport TX) are doing to prepare. Exchange Route Implications of Widening the Panama CanalThe Panama Canal is going to praise its 100 years activities with a 5. 2 billion extension that will permit a progressively effective travel from the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean; the development incorporates extending and broadening the passages and route channels to permit 12,000 TEUs boats to go; in addition to and an extra arrangement of locks. Worldwide changes are normal including higher volume of merchandise from Asia to US a nd Canada; new markets open door for crude materials sourcing; savvy courses choices and shorter occasions to make reference to some of them. Accenture, 2011,page 3 and 4). The US East Coast will be unquestionably affected; various ports are as of now taking a shot at its extensions yet we cannot guess by certain how, where and what kind of effect will land without a doubt; the way that bigger boats will go through the channel doesn't imply that they will stop on all ports or that the exchange volume will increment and keep up. During a Seminar sorted out by the U. S.Department of Transportation †Federal Highway Administration; Rodolfo Sabonge, Vice President of Market Research and Analysis of the Panama Canal Authority clarified that the guideline east coast ports to be require this bigger boats are New York, New Jersey, or Norfolk. New York, New Jersey however they would need to deal with the extensions issues; in the southeast ports of Charleston, Savannah and Houston where circulation focuses are found; the West Coast of Florida is relied upon to be contact also to serve South Florida.All this port will confront general difficulties, for example, appropriations focus; availability foundation to think, burden and move the payload inland; coordinations where truck organizations will be profoundly included, hardware; railways, review and security forms (Sabonge, October, 2009) In a similar gathering, Richard Wainio, Port executive and CEO of the Tampa Port Authority referenced that Florida, have 14 ports; four of them share the states’ exchange: Tampa, Everglades, Miami and Jacksonville.The port of Tampa oversees almost 40% of the exchange by tonnage in Florida and serves nearby markets; the Port is now wanting to assemble and incorporated a calculated focus. Everglades and Miami are the biggest compartment ports; while Jacksonville is a key and significant player for the Canal Expansion. (Winio, October, 2009) The Port of Miami is as of now in pr ocedure of development; and the accompanying data is distributed in their site: â€Å"Governor Rick Scott solicited the Department from Transportation to allot $77 million to the Port of Miami to extend the channel to less 50 feet so bigger boats can access the port.The Port’s Deep Dredge venture is coordinated to concur with the opening of an extended Panama Canal in 2014, which will permit another age of bigger freight vessels to go through the Canal† The dig in the Port of Miami is relied upon to produce 30,000 new openings and become the principal port of call for post-Panamax vessels. â€Å"The profound dig is basic to our future growth,† Port of Miami Director Bill Johnson said. â€Å"Port of Miami will be one of just three U. S. Atlantic ports to be at [minus] 50 feet when the extended Panama Canal opens. (Digging Today, 2012). Moreover, the development of a passage to associate the Port and the I-395 is now set up to help trucks direct access and twofol d port limit. The US Department of Transportation allowed 22. 7M to reestablish and place in work the Coast Rail Yard in Hialeah which will give direct access to the national rail framework. â€Å"This is the kind of foundation venture that will pay lasting, long haul profits, and give a strong degree of profitability for Florida’s taxpayers,† said Mayor Alvarez. (Miami Port, 2012).On the other hand Freeport, Texas that has served the Gulf Coast for a long time and its failed sixteenth in the U. S for outside tonnage; as depict in their site a very much manufactured foundation for transportation by means of thruway, railroad and intercostal will bolster the travel for post-Panamax vessels. (Port Freeport, 2012). The Marine Link online magazine distributed on September 13, 2011 that â€Å"the Panama Canal Authority (ACP) and Port Freeport in Texas set up a vital union today with the marking of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)† that will advance and increment t he exchange among Asia and Gulf of Mexico of the U.S. ; the MOU has been finished paperwork for one year yet inexhaustible upon demand. The MOU will play a key piece by permitting the two gatherings to share data to advance statistical surveying, modernization and mechanical enhancements when all is said in done. â€Å"This association was ideal for every one of us since we are both keen on putting resources into framework and development. We each are assembling new offices when others are remaining uninvolved so it is just regular that we help each other in the advancement of global exchange this side of the equator. This organization is a success, win, for every one of us. † said Pete Reixach CEO of Port Freeport† (para. 4). The Port of Jacksonville utilizes 23,000 individuals and effects an extra 43,000 representatives identified with the port’s action. The payload movement creates 19 billion USD and as referenced in their site its physical offices incorporate docks â€Å"docks and wharfs, cranes, a traveler voyage terminal, distribution centers, cleared open stockpiling territories and street associations with the open thruway system† (Jacksonville Port Authority, 2012).On September 27, 2011 Paul Anderson, Jacksonville Port Authority CEO tended to his interests in a correspondence â€Å"I have presumably that US East Coast ports will before long be called upon to deal with expanded volumes however I harbor extraordinary uncertainty concerning whether we †any of us †will be ready† (para. 2). Anderson makes reference to that Congress must act quick and spotlight on basic speculation, prioritization and framework for ports to proceed with its commitment. The TraPac Container Terminal has been influenced in multiplying its ability because of the countries delayed down; approvals and processes.Also, Korean transportation organization Hanjin has placed in hold 200 million ventures until they comprehend what the Governm ent is intending to do and contribute to be set up for the post-Panamax ships. As Anderson said â€Å"these are our decisions: prepare or lose† (para 10). A few contemplations must be raised to comprehend the effect that the Panama Canal extension will deliver, what number of profound water ports will be expected to serve post-Panamax ships? Which of those ports will be moved by the boats? How the exchange examples will change?How much are the ventures require to serve the post-Panamax ships and what is the particular foundation require at each port and in land? What amount is the Government ready to put resources into foundation? Indeed, we ought to oblige to globalization; the expense and result are obscure yet. Then again; foundation such ports limit, additional work to improve efficiency, offices, gear; innovation and a decent availability arrange for in land transportation and railroad are vital to the achievement of these investments.To close, it looks that opposition a mong the Florida coast ports will be hard; Tampa and Miami are preparing and making its extension; Jacksonville comprehend the necessities of development yet is bringing up extremely reasonable issues on the ventures as well as to the Government ability to react and look after framework. Are taxpayer’s dollars’ worth the exertion? I accept yes in the event that we make brisk move to the new necessities and get an unmistakable understanding that we can manage the cost of the extensions. I accept the primary inquiry is; which port(s) in South Florida will have the last advantages? It will be fascinating to discover in some years.References Accenture. (2011). A worldwide activity distinct advantage. The 2014 extension of the Panama Canal. Recovered from http://www. accenture. com/us-en/Pages/understanding 2014-extension panama-waterway. aspx Dredging Today (2012). USA: Miami Port digging plan gets last natural alright. Recovered from http://www. dredgingtoday. com/2012/05 /25/usa-miami-port-digging plan-gets-last ecological alright/Jacksonville Port Authority. (2011). Anderson tends to Panama Canal development concerns. http://www. jaxport. com/about-jaxport/newsroom/news/anderson-addresses-panama-trench development concerns Marine Link. 2011). Panama Canal and Port Freeport (TX) sign MOU. Recovered from http://www. marinelink. com/news/freeport-panama-canal340393. aspx Port Freeport (2012) Retrieved from http://www. portfreeport. com/about. htm Port of Miami. (2012). Profound Dredge Project. Recovered from http://www. miamidade. gov/portofmiami/deep_dredge. asp Sabonge, R. , Wainio, R. , (2009) Proceedings from Talking Freight Seminar Series: The Panama Canal extending and suggestions for Gulf and Atlantic Coast ports. Recovered from http://www. fhwa. spot. gov/arranging/freight_planning/talking_freight/oct2109transcript. cfm

Jefferson City

Jefferson City Jefferson City, city (1990 pop. 35,481), state capital and seat of Cole co., central Mo., on the south bank of the Missouri River, near the mouth of the Osage; inc. 1825. The state government is the major employer, but the city, with rail and river facilities, is also the commercial and processing center of an agricultural area. Machinery, construction materials, dairy products, furniture, and transportation equipment are produced. It was a small river village when it was chosen (1821) for the state capital; the legislature moved there from St. Charles in 1826. Because of divided loyalties and the difficulties of holding the state in the Union, Jefferson City was occupied by Union troops during the Civil War. The Italian-Renaissance capitol of Carthage marble (completed 1917) contains murals by Thomas Hart Benton and N. C. Wyeth , and is the site of the Missouri state museum. In the city are Lincoln Univ., the state penitentiary, and a national cemetery. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

The Issue of Gun Control - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 718 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/03/19 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Gun Control Essay Did you like this example? As we all know, gun control has been a rising issue in the United States since the early 2000s. This is because of the extremely high number of mass shootings that have occurred in America in these recent years. Between 2000 and 2014 there were at least 126 mass shootings. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Issue of Gun Control" essay for you Create order The United States has highest rate of gun violence in the world. There are more guns than people. There is a never-ending controversy on whether gun control laws should be stricter, remain the same, or even be less strict. I interviewed one of my friends to see what his opinion was about the issue. I first asked him his stance. He doesnt think there should be more restrictions on gun control. When I asked him why he felt this way he gave me a couple reasonings. First, as most people with this belief would say, he said that if someone wanted to kill other people they would find a way regardless of what the law says. Another common saying is guns dont kill people, people kill people. Gun violence occurs because some people dont respect the right all Americans have to live. Guns arent the problem. He gave me an example to back up his claim as well. He said that the United Kingdom has very strict gun control laws, but violent crime rate hasnt decreased, it has actually risen. In fact, their crime rate has doubled since they passed the Firearms amendment that banned hand guns and made overall stricter gun regulations (Gun Facts). People found other ways to kill others, such as stabbing. The United Kingdoms homicide rate has always been lower than the United States due to cultural differences, not differences in the law. Next, he said there are already a lot of regulations you need to go through in order to purchase a gun. Things that disqualify you from having a gun include being a fugitive, an addict, have been convicted, are mentally ill, have had a restraining order against you, are dishonorably discharged from the military, are not a legal citizen, and more. The laws also vary in different states. I, however, disagree with this. I believe it should definitely be harder to purchase a gun than it is. And I also believe its too easy to purchase one illegally and something needs to be done about that. You dont even need a background check if you buy a gun online, at a gun show, or through a private sale (Criminal Watch Dog). Another reason he stated is that guns are how we protect ourselves from a tyrannical government, which I guess is true and the whole reason we have the Second Amendment in the first place. The Second Amendment states, A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. The whole reason of this amendment is because way back when we needed to protect ourselves, so the government wouldnt abuse its power. He said that the first step to taking away peoples rights is taking away their right to bear arms. The example he gave is Nazi Germany. They were being abused by the government and werent allowed to fight back and also couldnt fight back because they were not allowed to bear arms. This resulted in the death of five to six million Jews, more than three million Soviet prisoners of war, more than two million Soviet civilians, more than one million Polish civilians, more the one million Yugoslav civilians, about 70,000 handicapped civilians, and more than 200,000 gypsies (The Telegraph). I believe there will forever be an on-going debate about the issue and no matter what solution we come up with people are going to be upset and disagree. I dont think I know enough to have a complete stance on this topic. I think I am neutral. I agree with some things my friend talked about such as people are always going to find a way to kill other people, but I disagree that gun control laws are already strict enough. I think people should have to go through a bigger, more improved process in order to purchase a fire arm. I also think that we shouldnt completely take away the Second Amendment, but maybe revise it.

William Shakespeare s The Play Everyman - 1275 Words

The play â€Å"Everyman† is a representative work depicting virtues of mid century Europe. This play brings with it a strong influence of the mid century Christianity. â€Å"Everyman† specifically portrayed vividly the reaction of human beings in the face of death. Its deep discussion into the worth of living and philosophical interpretations has surpassed category of religion at the time. It involved every person who’s ever thought about the meaning of life. Similarly, we can also see the shadow of a philosophical trace in Christopher Marlowe’s play, Doctor Faustus. The play personifies good and evil. The devil will fight for the soul of human beings, while our soul remain indecisive. Soon after, high lights appeared in the instance when the soul makes a decision. Even though both works are excellent, but I fell that Dr. Faustus made a bigger impact on me. Although both work revolved around death, sins, and judgment of God when He tries to save our soul, why then exists such huge discrepancy in the artistic work and reader reactions? Everyman and Doctor Faustus both started questioning God because of human’s self-conceit (sin). Men tried to catch up, and surpass God, but with different endings in each play. As we know, tragedies will stir up more emotions with the readers. The ending of the story usually will cause the readers to have more after thoughts. Everyman’s ending is concise, clear, and its changes when involved in a conversation with a wise man alteredShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Everyman As An English Morality Play1277 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Everyman† is an English morality play whose author is unknown. It dates back to the 16th century and was first seen in England. The play depicts a man who is caught up in a secular world and is more concerned with worldly riches than nurturing his spiritual life. He seems content until Death is sent to tell him his life is over and he must now give an account to God of how he lived his life. The author uses allegory characters to describe moral qualities and abstractions in Everyman’s life. (AllegoryRead MoreHow The Renaissance Changed Man s View Of Man952 Words   |  4 Pagesof optimismoptimism; one that believed man was capable of accomplishing great things. Renaissance thinkers studied classical work for the prospect of discovering their own idealism. In contrast to the Middle Ages, the Renaissance changed man s view of man through the decline in religious authority, perspective in art, advancement in anatomical studies, and discovery of cutting-edge astronomy. Before the Renaissance, the Catholic Church was an important part of a system that was basedRead MoreAn Analysis Of Dr. Samuel Mudd1773 Words   |  8 Pagesthe man depicted in William Shakespeare’s Richard III but some venture that he is more like Josephine Tey’s Richard III in her novel The Daughter of Time while these are both credible sources I believe in Tey’s account and with this belief my opinion of what history is has changed. William Shakespeare’s play Richard III is the account of Richard III’s rise and fall from the throne of England and the length he would go to in achieving his goals. With broad brush strokes Shakespeare paints Richard III’sRead MoreEssay on Dbq Mini Q Renaissance Hq Student Fi2066 Words   |  9 Pagespowerful and has endured for centuries. This Mini-Q asks you to explore how this exciting and important era changed the concept of what it means to be human. The Documents: Document A: The Individual in Art Document B: Mans Inner Nature Document C: Man s Place in the Universe Document D: The Human Body A Mini Document Based Question (Mini-Q)  © 20 11 The DBQ Project This page may be reproduced for classroom use 431 Renaissance Mini-Q Hook Exercise: Should We Be Renaissance People? Directions:Read MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagesmanagement needs to be opened up, not closed down; it needs reconciliation among its many different tendencies, not the isolation of each. To enrich the experience of this safari, we hope to follow up with a Guidebook. We have also prepared an Instructor s Manual to facilitate the use of this rather unconventional book in the classroom. We owe many thank-yous. Bob Wallace of The Free Press must be especially singled out. In the musical chairs world of publishing these x EMBARKATION days, to be

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy The Choices MacBeth Made That...

A self-fulfilling prophecy is a statement that alters one’s actions and evokes a behavior from a person/character which makes the originally false statement come true (Wisegeek). For example, one might say, â€Å"Today is going to be a great day!† Which will alter a persons actions in a way that will actually make this prediction come true. William Shakespeare’s, The Tragedy of Macbeth, uses self-fulfilling prophecy in a subtle yet foreshadowing way to prepare and unfurl the thoughts and actions of his characters. This tragedy, written in the early 1600’s, was composed mainly to appeal new interests around London. It is a depiction of a noble, along with his wife, who brutally slaughters a King and his kinsman so that he may be the King†¦show more content†¦He realizes that if he want to start his own dynasty, then he will have to have control of all the variables. Then Macbeth began to think, â€Å"For Banquo’s issues have I filed my min d;/ For them the gracious Duncan I have murdered† (Shakespeare 85). He realizes that he has set himself up to fail. He is cleared a path to the crown for Banquo’s kin. Macbeth goes on to state, â€Å"He chid the sisters/ When first they put the name of king upon me† (Shakespeare 85). This give the readers the thought that Banquo is jealous of the king. Macbeth, not wanting to risk his crown, calls for some outside murderers. As I stated earlier, Macbeth knew he must get rid of Banquo and his sons. He succeeds in having Banquo killed, but Banquo’s son, Fleance (the one person Macbeth needed to kill), escapes. Going in a change of direction, here are some points of self-fulfilling prophecy with Lady Macbeth. After killing Duncan Lord Macbeth was guilt ridden, he was stricken with regret. Lady Macbeth told him just to forget it ever happened, â€Å"Using those thoughts which should have died/ With them they think on? Things without all remedy/ Should be with out regard. What’s done is done† (Shakespeare 93). She also said to him, â€Å"You face, my thane, is as a book where men/ May read strange matters, To beguile the time/ Look like the time. Bear welcome in your eye,/ Your hand, your tongue. Look like th’ innocent/ flower,† (ShakespeareShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe play of Macbeth is a tragedy which led to his demise. Macbeth was an honorable solider whose life became one of a traitor and a coward. The conflict of light and darkness within Macbeth began after he receives a prophecy from three witches that one day he will become King. This prediction without a doubt consumes him with ambition and greed. In order to fulfill the three witches prophecy Macbeth is led down his treacherous path by his wife, Lady Macbeth who urges him to murder King Duncan and

Organisational Change Change Management

Question: In todays highly volatile, unpredictable and ever flexible business environment, organisations can only take an emergent approach to change.Discuss the validity of this statement. Answer: In ever changing business environment, organisations are adopting emergent approaches to deal with those. Modern business environment never stands still and hence, keep changing. People running businesses might have already experienced various kinds of changes related to economy, consumer purchasing decisions, political changes and supply chain changes (Kotter, 2011). However, outside of this myriad of negatives coming by the change cycles are businesses that are flourishing and growing year by year. Businesses that are successful in long run adopt business models that provide them with an opportunity to adapt to the changes in the demands of the market. This essay aims at examining organisational changes and the issues firms usually face while coping up with frequent changes. The essay will analyse the statement, In todays highly volatile, unpredictable and ever flexible business environment, organisations can only take an emergent approach to change. In present scenario, all types of organisations, from small to large are engaged in the process of change. There are changes to processes, products, services, consumer needs, locations, success drivers. These changes can be difficult to cope with but once organisation adopts a dynamic business model, it is able to adapt to frequent changes effectively (Kotter, 2011). As a preparedness measure, businesses nowadays, tend to adopt business models or management plans to adapt to changes. Change Management models adopted by companies include change planning, stakeholder management, understanding the impact of change, determining ways to cope with change and competency management. By definition, change management refers to the process of renewing the theories, approaches, structure and capabilities of an organisation in order to provide customers with something innovative every time and also adapting to changes effectively. Since changes are inevitable and necessary at the operational and strategic level of the organisation so there is no doubt about its importance and management. Often, it is argued that successful change management is crucial for every organisation if it intends to survive in the long run (Levin, 2012). Organisations that dont implement change management in their system are likely to fail in the long run. But theories and approaches related to change management available with the experts are contradictory. It is believed that change management is becoming a required skill in every manager (Filicetti, 2007). There are different theories and approaches used by managers today to manage change effectively. In earlier times, managers believed that organisations with maximum changes couldnt sustain in competitive environment and meet customer preferences. They thought other way round i.e. the organisations with stability and employees with a set routine can only achieve success (Filicetti, 2007). But with evolving world and business scenario, changes have become necessary for a business to sustain. One of the widely accepted approaches for change management is Emergent Approach. To cope up with the continuous changing market curves an organisation has to follow some Business models that further help it to adapt with the changes and keep an organisation stable and ever-growing (Filicetti, 2007). By definition, a business model refers to the rationale of how a firm develops, delivers and captures value throughout the changing times (Filicetti, 2007). Amongst various Business Models that are followed by the business organisations in order to deal with the staggering changes in the market, the Emergent Approach seems to be a convincing way in the present day world of business. Emergent strategy is the view that strategy emerges over time as intentions collide with and accommodate a changing reality. Emergent strategy is a set of actions, or behaviour, consistent over time, a realized pattern that was not expressly intended in the original planning of strategy. As per emergent strategy, it is implied that a firm gets to learn what is put into practice. Emergent strategies are implemented by allocating resources (Bhasin, 2012). Henry Mintzberg believes that in modern marketplace, allocation of resources is usually unknown and keeps changing. As a result, these emergent strategies enable organisations to adapt to changes in most effective ways. It goes in the opposite direction to the previous traditional approach adopted by most organisations-The Deliberate Approach. The Emergent approach deals with strategies changing with respect to the requirement of the hour. It describes the process of strategy-making as consequential effect of the need to cope with the imperfections of the real world model which is subject to changes every second hour. This approach sees strategic management as an after effect of the trials and errors from the activities and experiences of the management. It identifies the following roles as pertinent to strategy leaders being successful in strategic management and coping up with changes: Planner, Communicator, analyst and Catalyst as well (Levin, 2012). Compared with other approaches, critiques of emergent approach are also significant. Foremost, emergent approach is a coherent change and also criticised for its emphasis on the political dimension of change. It is also limited to organisational changes to which emergent approach is applied and secondly, how it should be applied. Further, there is no assurance that organisa tional leaning will suit with the crisis or not. Some of the change management approaches that can be adopted by organisations are: Education and Communication Approach: It is believed that lack of communication and information usually doesnt let the organisations to cope up with frequent changes. Upfront education and effective communication can help employees up-to-date with market trends and hence, they get prepared to face the changes effectively (Marshak, 2005). This, ultimately, helps in reducing different rumours about any concerns in the organisation. Deliberate Approach: Under Deliberate approach, management team specifies the action the firm will be taking to accomplish its goals. Deliberate approach is also sometime referred to as top-down approach. It involves some form of planning and choices are dependent on the estimation of what might happen in future (Raineri, 2011). This type of approach is generally weak due to two reasons; one it is difficult to predict future due to rapid changes taking place in business environment. Second, these kind of strategies usually fail when developing new products. Umbrella Approach: This type of approach has a clear definition of strategic goals and general strategic decisions that are made by higher management. In this, detail of how goals are to be accomplished is yet to be decided. Managers then use a process of iteration and consensus building that enables senior management to develop the strategy. In other words, senior management decided the detail of how goals should be accomplished (Conner, 2012). These are the some of the approaches that help organisations to adapt to changes effectively. Nevertheless, of all the business Models coping with changes the Emergent Approach is in the upswing and provides better solutions towards the constantly changing market environments. From the economy to the needs of the market, things are constantly in motion. A business needs to go with this flow and use it to its advantage. Rigidity is not the answer when you are looking for if you seek constant growth. From technology to market dynamics, the present scenario is often nothing like what it was 10 years ago. So it can never be expected that things remain unchanged 10 years from now (NeÄ ask, Klmek, Mal and Mlnkov, 2012). Even if the core product stays the same, which is next to impossible given the intense competition in every market, there will be still the need to upgrade the technologies, train workforce, create new markets and seek more streams of revenue. All this comes under the ambit of change and is necessary for survival. While a growing number of business leaders are starting to realize the importance of changing and adapting, the problem lies in the fact that the organizations they sit atop are inherently resistant to change (Filicetti, 2007). This is often the case with multinational corporations that have been doing things a certain way for a long time now. The inertia makes it very hard to mobilize these organizations. So while the head of the business wants certain things done, the organization itself finds it unable to meet these demands. Hence, change management is a major job requirement for large organizations. Businesses that recognize what a massive challenge changing can be utilized the services of experts to ensure a smooth and seamless transition (Levin, 2012). Whether this change is in terms of operation model, or you are upgrading the technological backbone of your organization, preparing your workforce for this change is a crucial element. Training may be required to ensure that your employees are able to cope up with the changes. At times, you may even need to bring in a new workforce to manage your needs while your current workforce undergoes training (Kotter, 2011). A change management expert will be able to guide you through this process and provide you with the detailed requirements. One of the reasons start-up companies gains so much success and traction is because they are structured to deal with all kinds of changes. The roles of employees are flexible and a lean model ensures that everyone understands the need to change. In effect, start-ups have a work culture that is conducive to change (Anderson, 2001). This same environment needs to be created in any organization. Only when management have a work culture that does not hinder change, employees efforts produce tangible results. Hence, organisations must learn to embrace change, and encourage everyone to do the same (Levin, 2012). In nutshell, it will be right to say that in todays highly volatile, unpredictable and ever flexible business environment, organisations can only take an emergent approach to change. References Anderson, D. (2001). Beyond Change Management: Advanced Strategies for Todays Transformational Leaders. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer. Barber, M., Donnelly, K., Rizvi, S., and Summers, L. (2013). An avalanche is coming: Higher education and the revolution ahead. Bhasin, S. (2012). An appropriate change strategy for lean success.Management Decision,50(3), 439-458. Bordia, P., Restubog, S. L. D., Jimmieson, N. L., and Irmer, B. E. (2011). Haunted by the past: Effects of poor change management history on employee attitudes and turnover.Group and Organization Management, 1059601110392990. By, R. T., Burnes, B., and Oswick, C. (2011). Change management: The road ahead.Journal of Change Management,11(1), 1-6. Cameron, E., and Green, M. (2012).Making sense of change management: a complete guide to the models tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Conner, D. (2012). "The Real Story of the Burning Platform". Filicetti, J. (2007). "Project Management Dictionary". PM Hut. Accessed 25 Feb, 2015. Gerth, C. (2013). Introduction. InBusiness Process Models. Change Management(pp. 1-12). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Goetsch, D. L., and Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Haslam, S. A., van Knippenberg, D., Platow, M. J., and Ellemers, N. (Eds.). (2014).Social identity at work: Developing theory for organizational practice. Psychology Press. Huczynski, A., and Buchanan, D. A. (2013).Organizational behaviour. Pearson. Keppel, G., and Wardellà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Johnson, G. W. (2012). Refugia: keys to climate change management.Global Change Biology,18(8), 2389-2391. Kotter, J. (2011). "Change Management vs. Change Leadership -- What's the Difference?". Forbes online. Accessed 25 Feb, 2015. Levin, G. (2012). "Embrace and Exploit Change as a Program Manager: Guidelines for Success". Project Management Institute. Accessed 25 Feb, 2015. Marshak, J. (2005). "Contemporary Challenges to the Philosophy and Practice of Organization Development". In Bradford, David L.; Burke, W. Warner. Reinventing Organization Development: New Approaches to Change in Organizations. pp. 1942. Mehanna, H., Olaleye, O., and Licitra, L. (2012). Oropharyngeal canceris it time to change management according to human papilloma virus status?.Current opinion in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery,20(2), 120-124. Merrell, P., and Watson, T. (2012). Effective change management: The simple truth.Management Services,56(2), 20-23. NeÄ ask, M., Klmek, J., Mal, J., and Mlnkov, I. (2012). Evolution and change management of XML-based systems.Journal of Systems and Software,85(3), 683-707. Phillips, R. (2012). "Enhancing the effectiveness of organizational change management". Human Resource Management 22 (12): 18399. Raineri, A. B. (2011). Change management practices: Impact on perceived change results.Journal of business research,64(3), 266-272.

Designing an Editorial Calendar You Can Actually Stick With †Part 1 - The Writers For Hire

DESIGNING AN EDITORIAL CALENDAR YOU CAN ACTUALLY STICK WITH – PART 1 Are you new to content creation? Having trouble keeping tabs on projects with multiple deadlines and lots of moving parts? Still looking for a good way to organize all your projects? Designing an easy-to-use, effective editorial calendar is the key to creating consistent, successful content for yourself, your business, or your clients. It might also be the key to keeping your sanity in the process! What is an Editorial Calendar and Why Do You Need One? An editorial calendar establishes what projects need to be completed, outlines the workflow or tasks of each project, and helps you track the progress of those projects. Editorial calendars have been used in the publishing industry for years to help magazine and book editors stay on top of their projects and deadlines. When you or your clients have an online presence and social media platform, an editorial calendar can help you create, publish, and track ongoing content. Getting Started: The Main Parts of an Editorial Calendar An editorial calendar can be as detailed as you need it to be. Some editors and project managers prefer to focus on the big-picture stuff like topics and deadlines. Others track projects down to the tiniest details, keeping tabs on things like keywords, audience profiles, click-through rates, social media shares, and more. Regardless of the level of detail and what format or program you use, there are seven key parts to an effective editorial calendar: The name of the project to be completed.The type of project, whether a social media post, blog, magazine article, book, etc. The purpose of the project (inform, announce, get sales, get leads, entertain).Tasks involved in the project and who is responsible for those tasksWhere the content will be used, sent, or published.Deadlines for both project completion and publishing.Estimated time for each project and each project task. Once you have the basic parts of your editorial calendar, you can expand on them as needed. The idea is to create the best calendar for you, one that is fluid so you can grow it as your content needs and projects grow. Need inspiration? You can click here to see some examples. Creating and Using an Effective Editorial Calendar The most effective editorial calendars clearly organize the tasks and timing of multiple projects in one easy-to-use tool. It also tracks the flow of each individual project to see progress and completion of the work at hand. Use these eight time-tested strategies for getting your editorial calendar right from the start: 1. Use one calendar for all content projects. No matter how many or what types of projects you are trying to manage, or if you have multiple people involved, use only one editorial calendar to track it. Keeping everything in one easy-to see calendar means you’re less likely to miss a deadline or overextend yourself or your staff. Using one editorial calendar also makes it easier to update and revise as needed. 2. Identify outside influences that may impact your calendar. If you’re submitting content to an outside publication, you’ll make sure that your editorial calendar aligns with theirs. Depending on your company’s industry or area of expertise, your editorial calendar may be affected by current events, conferences and tradeshows, sales goals, product launches, and more. Make sure to identify these potential sources of conflict and adjust your schedule accordingly. If you’re submitting content to an outside publication, you’ll make sure that your editorial calendar aligns with theirs. Depending on your company’s industry or area of expertise, your editorial calendar may be affected by current events, conferences and tradeshows, sales goals, product launches, and more. Make sure to identify these potential sources of conflict and adjust your schedule accordingly. 3. Plan your work, work your plan. An editorial calendar should show your content plan as a whole, with an emphasis on when it needs to be done and who is in charge of doing it. From there, break down each project further, showing every task involved from start to finish. This will help you allow enough time to complete the work involved with each task. In most cases, each individual project’s tasks will include things like: creating the topic idea, assigning the content piece, research, interviews, outline, draft, editing, photos, links and credits, approval of writing, proofing, and publishing. 4. Plan for the unexpected. If you can, keep blocks of unscheduled time to add projects in or move them around as needed. The calendar should be a clear working plan but one that also allows for changes you may need to make in your projects and workflow. 5. Add key information. Add to your calendar as you become more comfortable and consistent with using it. In addition to including basic information you can start to add more details like keywords, audience, number of social media shares, click-through rates, original publishing dates, how often the content was published and where, and spin-off ideas from the original content. 6. Decide how far ahead to plan. Some content plans encompass a whole year while some may only go six months out. Ultimately, you decide what is appropriate for your goals. Going too far out in advance, however, can be overwhelming, especially if this is your first time using a content plan. Smaller timespans may be easier to stick to at first. 7. Develop a system. Whether you use a spreadsheet, a calendar program, or good, old-fashioned paper planner, it’s important that you have a way to easily identify the different elements of each project. Create multiple tabs or areas on the single calendar based on the type of project, timing, or person assigned to the task. Use color to identify projects, assigned people, timing, or tasks. Create notifiers or alarms so tasks don’t go missed. Flag or highlight important notes that your team can see. 8. Share and protect. Make sure that your calendar is available to everyone on your team at all times – and that everyone is aware of important updates and changes. Of course, there are risks to allowing everyone to access and update the calendar. It’s a good idea to take some steps to safeguard against accidental deletions or changes. Spreadsheets and other programs will allow for certain fields to be locked and still give others access and updating abilities. Allow for others to update their progress and make notes on the calendar but protect all the main fields such as headers, categories, critical projects, and firm deadlines. The Next Step: Now that you know how to create an effective editorial calendar that meets your needs, check out part two of this series to learn about the common pitfalls you should avoid when designing your calendar. You’ll also learn about some of the tools available to help you create this critical document for your content plan.

Types of Mobile Operating System (Os) and Its Pros Cons Essays

Types of Mobile Operating System (Os) and Its Pros Cons Essays Types of Mobile Operating System (Os) and Its Pros Cons Paper Types of Mobile Operating System (Os) and Its Pros Cons Paper in 2005. The unveiling of the Android distribution in 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 86 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. Google releases the Android code as open-source, under the Apache License. The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android. Among the advantage of using this operating system is Multitasking. Android phones can run many applications, it means you can browse, Facebook and as well as listening to the song. Besides, Android make ease of notification, any SMS, Email, or even the latest articles from an RSS Reader, there will always be a notification on the Home Screen Android phone, do not miss the LED indicator is blinking, so you will not miss a single SMS, Email or even Miscalls. Easy access to thousands of applications via the Google Android App Market. Through Googles Android App Market you can download applications for free. There are many thousands of applications and games that are ready for you to download on Android phones. On the other hand the disadvantages of using this operating system is Application in the Android phones can indeed be obtained easily and for free, but the consequences in each of these applications, will always be ads on display, either the top or bottom of the application. Besides, since Google Android is an open source platform driving all Android phones, it could significantly increase the risk of hacking these devices. If this happens, then locking mobiles as a security measure will be a mockery. The second mobile operating system is iOS. OS (formerly iPhone OS) is Apple Inc. s mobile operating system. Originally developed for the iPhone, it has since been extended to support other Apple Inc. devices such as the iPod Touch, iPad, and Apple TV. Apple does not license iOS for installation on non-Apple hardware. As of October 4, 2011, Apples App Store contained more than 500,000 iOS applications, which have collectively been downloaded more than 18 billion times. It had a 26% share of the smart phone operating system units sold in the last quarter of 2010, behind both Googles Android. And Nokias Symbian. In May 2010 in the USA, it accounted for 59% of mobile web data consumption (including use on both the iPod Touch and the iPad). The user interface of iOS is based on the concept of direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures. Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. The response to user input is immediate and provides a fluid interface. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch, all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device (one common result is the undo command) or rotating it in three dimensions (one common result is switching from portrait to landscape mode). The advantages of using this operating system is iOS 4. 0 version can run multiple applications simultaneously and is in no way inferior to other similar operating systems  . Users can schedule an application to be run in the background. When the system detects update or notice, it will appear in the current interface. But due to technical reasons, only iPhone 4,  iPhone  3GS and above can enjoy the service. Besides that, Folder settings are the first time appearing in iOS. The result is very obvious when starting to use. The home page layout becomes well-organized. It is convenient to find the folders for the software come down in the appropriate folders. The disadvantage of using iOS is Unlock way is complicated. Apple don’t modify the operate of lock screen to iPhone, perhaps in order to maintain the consistency of user habits. However, you may miss the next important voice mail, phone, short message. Next is there is no real features upgrade for iPod Frankly speaking, the new operating systems home page has much improvement to the older. But the iPod itself does not get the nature improvement. It is lack of adjustable graphic equalizer, and better support to create playlists. Last but not least is Blackberry OS BlackBerry OS is a proprietary mobile operating system, developed by Research in Motion for its BlackBerry line of smart phone handheld devices. The operating system provides multitasking and supports specialized input devices that have been adopted by RIM for use in its handhelds, particularly the track wheel, trackball, and most recently, the track pad and touch screen. The advantages of using this operating system is compared to other brands, Blackberry mobiles allow users to use the device for two days at a stretch on a single charge. Thus proving its power efficient features of the Blackberry OS. Next is the mobile platform of this brand is extremely secure, thus making it the favourite for businessmen. The push email experience is excellent amongst others. It provides easy accessibility from the moment you get to the main screen together with strong attachment support. The disadvantage of using this mobile OS is Blackberry App World does not come with a wide selection of apps. On top of that, premium programs are quite expensive. Furthermore, the browser is much slower compared to Web Kit based browser on other branded phones like iPhones and Android. When it comes to QWERTY devices, the browser comes with small type. In a nutshell, by choosing the right mobile operating system for your phone, hopefully it will fulfil your needs. Thank You.

Mbuti Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mbuti Culture - Research Paper Example The Mbuti tribe is dependent on the forest for all the aspects of their life including getting their food, clothes, materials for hunting, item of play, musical instrument etc. In the recent times the tribesmen have come in contact with the agricultural people living the peripheries of the forest. However hunting remains their primary source of subsistence. Even in their trade with the agricultural people they exchange the meat they get from the forest in exchange for farm products (Tanno, n.d. pp. 1-51). The forest and hunting activities influenced the culture, social structures, gender relations and the beliefs and values of the Mbuti tribe associated with the Molimo ritual of the tribe. Social Organization The difference in the strategy for procuring the subsistence has attracted the interest of the anthropologist and ethnographers. Along with the difference in the hunting technique some difference in the social structure has also been observed with reference to the number of memb ers in the community. The inhabitants of the southwestern region, the net hunters live in a comparatively large camp consisting to seven to thirty families together. There method of hunting and distribution of the hunt are also of communal type. The women beat the under bush to drive the animals to the net which are looked after by the men. According to famous pygmy researcher Turnbull, this method of hunting requires a number of families to cooperate with each other in order to procure their subsistence. On the contrast the archers live in small groups of three to five. Individual members hunt with the help of arches and bows. The different operations of arching are tracking and ambushing which requires less number of men than net hunting. Several reasons have been cited for this difference in hunting pattern and consequent social structure based on region. According to Turnbull, this has occurred due to the historical distribution of the forest. The southwestern parts of the count ries have been subjected to encroachment for agriculture, mining, plantations, tourist centers etc. As a result the inhabitable land and the land for hunting and gathering have been reduced. On the other hand the population of the tribe has increased over the years. As a result the tribe was forced to increase their utilization of the reduced amount of available land. Moreover due to the Law of Diminishing Return the tribesmen had to undertake more work individually in order to maintain similar level of consumption. Another interesting feature that has been pointed out by the scholars is that the pygmy tribe has a low exposure to the technological advancement. Therefore they are unable to increase the utilization of the plot of land with the help of technology. To compensate for that, the tribesmen are required to increase the coordination and cooperation among themselves to maintain similar level of consumption. (Abruzzi, 1979) Renowned anthropologist, Harako suggests another alter native theory. According to him the original mode of hunting of the Mbuti tribe was archery. But some time in history a part of the tribe came in touch with the Bantu speaking tribes. In course of their interaction and exchange the Mbuti tribe learnt to use the net as a tool for hunting. This theory gives an explanation for the division of hunting methods

My walk with ecology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My walk with ecology - Essay Example My favorite form of outdoor activity is walking. I live in the urban city of concrete jungles with skyscrapers blocking out the sunlight. I miss the beauty of natural scenery. I have seen how man has destroyed his natural environment and upset the ecology of nature and man. Industrialization brought along deforestation to make way for human habitats and agriculture. The increased burning of fossil fuels increased the release of greenhouse gasses and the sum total effect has led to global warming. My thesis is that Man needs to reconnect with nature to help preserve ecology. The simplest and most direct way of reconnecting to nature is by walking through the rural countryside. It is one of the best ways of observing nature and appreciating the great diversity of life forms and the ecology. I believe that when Man comes to self-realization on his close relationship with nature, he will value it and refrain from participating in activities that would harm the balance of our ecology. I c hoose walking on foot to go sight seeing and explore nature because any other artificial mode of transport would burn fossil fuels and harm the environment with the emission of toxic waste gasses. When I walk at my own leisurely pace, I get to observe nature at work, play and rest. I think walking is the best way to get close to nature. Fenton recommended walking as a cheap and easy way to maintain health, effect weight loss and stay fit. We can kill two birds with one stone by taking up walking for health reasons as well as to observe nature. Fenton said that; 'Walking is not only better for your spirit, mood, and body, it's better for your whole community. Trust walking.' (Fenton 5). Walking does wonder for you while conserving the ecology. Walking is a cheap form of exercise. You just need a pair of comfortable walking shoes and thick socks to cushion your feet against blisters. The writer Werner recommended carrying a backpack for your basic essentials like a map, compass, a quart of water for every miles of walk, tissue and toilet paper, refuse / trash bag, raincoat / poncho, protective clothing against the cold and wet, energy snack foods and cell phone. (Werner 4). These are for a day walk. If you are walking at night, you need additional equipment like a flashlight with extra batteries, flares, insect repellant, and maybe a walking stick. If you are a photography and nature enthusiast, bring your camera and binoculars. If you are creatively inclined, bring along a notebook or sketch pad. The beauty of nature might inspire you to write or draw something. It is safer to prepare for emergencies in the event of being caught up in some unfavorable weather. A beginner should start walking during the day and on familiar terrain. One should take caution and plan a walk with a realistic distance as a goal in mind. I would keep in mind to let the people around me know my intentions just in case if I don't make it back in time, they would know to send out a search party for me! Walkers often choose routes to cut across natural terrain. I like the opportunity to breathe in fresh air, unpolluted by traffic. Sometimes, I see the traffic along the established paths and it is ugly traffic. Litter left behind by humans is detrimental. The wild animals do not know better than to ingest litter and this poses a health risk to them. Human food is not suitable for animals. Non-degradable refuse like plastic is an eyesore and dangerous when innocent animals ingest them. I would not have known about the effects of litter if I had not come across piles of them in my walks. They spoil the natural beauty of the landscape. This brings up the use of the trash bag in my backpack. Every walker should be responsible for keeping their own trash out of the natural environment. Waste items should be deposited in the trash bag and carried out of the natural

Satisfaction Rates Among Outpatients of Hospital

Satisfaction Rates Among Outpatients of Hospital Assessment of satisfaction among outpatient department (OPD) patients visiting tertiary level government hospital ABSTRACT Background Selection of an appropriate health care and measurement of its quality is very complex and elusive yet the tools of its measurement have been improving. It is easier to evaluate the patient’s satisfaction towards the service than to evaluate the quality of medical services that they receive. (1) Therefore, a research on patient satisfaction can be an important tool to measure of health system performance and improve the quality of services. (2,3). Satisfaction manifests itself in the distribution, access and utilization of health services. Objective: The main objective of this study is to measure the satisfaction of OPD (Outpatient Department) patients in tertiary care public health facility namely Guru Gobind Singh govt. Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from a pre-tested pre-structured questionnaire from 322 patients who gave the verbal consent at the end of their O.P.D visit at tertiary health facility, Guru Gobind Singh Government Hospital, Jamnagar for days from to. The items in the questionnaire referred to particulars of the patients such as age, gender, education, occupation, income, family type etc.; perception of patients towards doctor , paramedical staff, basic amenities and quality of care. The responses were expressed in proportions. The data was tabulated on Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using EPI info. Results –Although majority of patients were satisfied with the availability of medicines; availability of information on illness, treatment and prevention; doctor’s patience, compassion and dedication but most of the patients were not satisfied with the behaviour of hospital personnel ;delay in reception of investigation reports ;unhygienic toilets and improper cleanliness of hospital; and lack of availability of drinking water . INTRODUCTION Quality care is the most important dimension of public health and it has emerged as an internationally important aspect in the health care services provision. This quality of care can be measured in terms of structure, process and outcome. Structure refers to the basic infrastructure and facility, process refers to the way the care is delivered and outcome refers to the end result. (4) While measuring health outcome and quality of patient care services, patient’s satisfaction is considered to be important component. Patients’ perceptions about health care systems and his satisfaction seem to have been largely ignored by health care managers in developing countries (12). The outcome of any disease is influenced not only by the appropriate diagnostic and treatment services but also the receipt of satisfactory care from service providers. A satisfied patient is more likely to develop a deeper and longer lasting relationship with their medical provider, leading to improve compliance, continuity of care and ultimately better health outcome. But it is difficult to measure the satisfaction and gauze responsiveness of health systems as not only the clinical but also the non-clinical outcomes of care do influence the patients’ satisfaction ,(5)such as: Quality of clinical services provided, availability of medicine, behavior of doctors and other health staff, cost of services, hospital infrastructure, physical comfort, emotional support, and respect for patient preferences.(6) Mismatch between patient expectation and the service received is related to decreased satisfaction.(7) Therefore, assessing patient perspectives gives them a voice, which can make public health services more responsive to people’s needs and expectations.(8,9) In the recent past, studies on patient satisfaction gained popularity and usefulness as it provides the chance to health care providers and mangers to improve the services in the public health facilities. Patients’ feedback is necessary to identify problems that need to be resolved in improving the health services. Even if they still do not use this information systematically to improve care delivery and services, this type of feedback triggers a real interest that can lead to a change in their culture and in their perception of patients. (10) OPD is the window to any health system and OPD care indicates the quality care of hospital reà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ected by patient’s perception in terms of satisfaction to the services they are provided.(11)This study was therefore undertaken at OPDs of tertiary level health facility in Jamnagar to measure patient satisfaction. The main objective of this paper is to know the desired level of services as perceived by the patients about various components of out-door patient department (OPD) services. In this study, the OPD is defined as the hospital’s department where patients received diagnoses and/or treatment but did not stay overnight. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study design: Institution based cross-sectional study. Study population: The present study was conducted among the patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) of Guru Gobind Singh government hospital, Jamnagar. Period of study: The period of survey was days from to. Sampling frame: The sampling frame consisted of the outpatient department (OPD) of Guru Gobind Singh government hospital, Jamnagar. . Sample size: fifty percent of the OPD patients. Sampling technique: random sampling technique. The sampling population was interviewed from the most frequented OPDs (Medicine, General surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paediatrics, Orthopedics, Otorhinolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Skin, Tuberculosis and Chest diseases) according to probability proportion to size based on the past years OPD attendance. Inclusion criteria: A new or referred patient attending the OPD of the respective health care facility who gave verbal consent, Exclusion criteria: Patients working in the health care facility and patients admitted (indoor patients) and follow-up patients attending the OPD of the respective health care facility, who didn’t gave verbal consent or gave incomplete information, were excluded from the study. Selection of patient: The patients attending the OPD of the respective health care facility were selected for the interview by systematic random sampling. Depending upon the previous attendance of the particular department and the time taken to complete the interview, a random number was chosen and every nth patient was selected for the interview. This process was continued till the required sample size was completed. Tools of data collection: Permission to conduct the study was taken from the superintendents of the concerned health care facility. All the patients were interviewed after they had consulted the doctor. Informed verbal consent was taken from all the participating patients before the start of the interview after telling them about the objective of the study and the approximate time that will be involved in the completion of the interview. The prescribing doctor was largely kept unaware of the procedure, except in unavoidable circumstances, to avoid the bias in their behaviour with the patient. A pre-tested pre-structured questionnaire was used to record information taking the key elements of socio-demographic characteristics and perception of the patients regarding quality of services available at the outpatient health care facility. Analysis Data was tabulated on Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using the software Epi Info version 6. OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS:- Table 1-socio-demographic profile of the patients:- Among all the subjects interviewed during the data collection, 322 were included in the statistical analysis and the remaining were not included, because of incomplete information. A majority (56.21%) of the responders were male. The mean ages of the responders were years .About 40% of the responders were illiterate. About half (56%) belonged to a joint family. Nearly half of the study subjects belonged to the lower socioeconomic status category as per the Kuppuswamy classification. TABLE 2-PATIENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICES AVAILABLE (n =322) The results regarding each question are shown in Table 2. Most of the respondents were satisfied with the availability of medicines, also they were able to get the medicines easily. Most of the respondents agreed that complete information was provided to them on the illness, treatment, and the methods to avoid illness. Almost half (48%) of the patients were not satisfied with the politeness of the hospital personnel. More than half (61%) of the patients stated that hospital personnel were not helpful. 59 % patients said that the doctor did not give them adequate time while 60% of the patients said that the doctor has given enough time to listen completely to their complains. 57% of the patients were satisfied that the doctor has checked carefully and was readily answering their questions. Almost 50% of the patients were told that the doctor gave them adequate time and didn’t rushed. 42% patients couldn’t easily locate the place of investigation. 55% of the patients didn’t receive their reports in time. 57% of the patients were not satisfied with the cleanliness of the hospital. 69% of the patients were not satisfied with the toilet conditions. 59% of the patients stated that drinking water wasn’t available in the hospital. TABLE – 3: QUALITY OF CARE Overall 66.45% respondents termed the hospital services as satisfactory, 62.11% were satisfied with the treatment given, but 52.48% stated that the services provided were not worth the money spent, and 40.99% replied that they would not like to visit the facility again in future. [Table 3]. DISCUSSION In our current study, patients were satisfied with the ease of availability of the required medicines while in a study done by Sivalenka (13) medicine supply was an area of concern. Most of patients were satisfied with the information provided to them about illness, its treatment and prevention. Patients were not very satisfied with the behaviour of the hospital personnel .lack of monitoring of staff, due to very high patient load, could be the reason for this. It was observed during the study that the ultimate satisfaction of the patient is their rapport with the doctor. A patient forgets the pain he faces to reach the doctor if the doctor sees him with patience and compassion. In our study, most of the patients were satisfied with the behaviour of the doctor, which was similar to the result of study by Kumar et al (14). More than half of the patients were not satisfied due to the delay in reporting time of the investigations thereby increasing their waiting time which is similar to other studies (17-18). Some of the responder cited inability to locate the departments as a constraint. Lack of proper sign boards leads to difficulty in locating the departments. A good number of patients were not satisfied with the cleanliness of the hospital. Also most of them were not satisfied with the condition of the toilets. As compared with private sector, government hospitals lack in general cleanliness and hygienic toilets, thereby leading to severe patient aversion and dissatisfaction, which needs to be improved .similar findings have been observed in some other studies (13-16) As observed in our study, Overall level of satisfaction of patients towards government tertiary care health facility is low, although patients appeared to be satisfied with the doctors, which seems to be a strong reason of their still existing faith in the tertiary care government hospital. Thus we need to improve the rest of the factors so as to keep up to the expectations of the patients ,thereby try to fulfill the basic need of patient- which is readily available ,easily accessible, and satisfactory health services for all. CONCLUSIONS Efforts should be made to reduce the patient load at the tertiary level facilities so that doctors and other staff can give more attention and time to the patients. The findings of the present study can be utilized to improve the services at public health facilities of the state resulting in the more satisfaction of patients availing such public health facilities. REFERENCES (1)Study on Patient Satisfaction in the Government Allopathic Health Facilities of Lucknow District, India, Ranjeeta Kumari et al Indian Journal of Community Medicine / Vol 34 / Issue 1 / January 2009 (2) White B. Measuring patient satisfaction: how to do it and why to bother. Family Practice management [serial online] January 1999; [9 screens]. Available from: http://www.aafp.org/ fpm/990100fm/40.html. (3) How satisfied are your patients? Family Practice Management April 1998; [2 screen]. Available from: http://www.aafp.org/ fpm/980400fm/fpstats.html (4) Measuring patient satisfaction: A Cross sectional study to improve quality of care at a tertiary care hospital. – by Andrabi Syed Arshad et.al. Healthline ISSN2229-337X Volume 3 Issue 1 January-June 2012 (5) Agrawal D. Health sector reforms: Relevance in India. Indian J Community Med 2006;31:220-2. (6) Jenkinson C, Coulter A, Bruster S, Richards N, Chandola T. Patients’ experiences and satisfaction with health care: Results of a questionnaire study of specific aspects of care. Qual Saf Health Care 2002;11:335-9. (7)McKinley RK, Roberts C. Patient satisfaction with out of hours primary medical care. Qual Health Care 2001;10:23-8. (8)World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2000-Health Systems: Improving Performance. Geneva: WHO, 2000. (9) Rao KD, Peters DH, Bandeen-Roche K. Towards patient-centered health services in India- a scale to measure patient perceptions of quality. Int J Qual Health Care 2006;18:414-21. (10) 6. Boyer L, Francois P, Doutre E, Weil G, Labarere J. Perception and use of the results of patient satisfaction surveys by care providers in a French teaching hospital. Int J Qual Health Care 2006;18:359-64. (11) Assessment of Client’s Perception in Terms of Satisfaction and Service Utilization in the Central Government Health Scheme Dispensary at Kolkata, D Haldar, AP Sarkar, S Bisoi1, P Mondal2Indian Journal of Community Medicine, Vol. 33, Issue 2, April 2008 (12) Measuring Patient Satisfaction: A Case Study to Improve Quality of Care at Public Health Facilities. Prahlad Rai Sodani. Indian Journal of Community Medicine / Vol 35 / Issue 1 / January 2010 (13) Sivalenka S. Patient satisfaction surveys in public hospitals in India. Available from: http://www.rand.org. [Last accessed on 2011 Feb 16] (14) Kumari R, Idris MZ, Bhushan V, Khanna A, Agarwal M, Singh SK. Study on patient satisfaction in the government allopathic health facilities of Lucknow district, India. Indian J Comm Med 2009;34:35à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ42 (15) Peerasak L, Surasak B, Pattanawadi U. Patient satisfaction on health service at the family medicine learning centers. Chiang Mai Med Bull 2004;43:67à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ76. (16) Bhattacharya A, Prema Menon P, Vipin Koushal V, Rao KL. Study of patient satisfaction hospital in a tertiary referral hospital. J Acad Hosp Adm 2003;15:29à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ31 (17) Measuring patient satisfaction a case study to improve quality of care at public health facilities / Ind jcom. Med Vol 35 issi 1 jan 2010, 52-56. Prahlad Rai Sudani et.al. (18)Patient satisfaction with out of hours primary medical care. Quality in health care,2001;10:23-28 R K McKinley, C Roberts.

Heroes And Villains :: essays research papers

Is a hero a person who wears tights and a cape and goes around saving the world? And is a villain a person who schemes evil plots against the hero? Even though heroes and villains might be seen differently through the eyes of individual people, we all know that not all heroes and villains are recognized for their actions. A hero can be somebody as big as Superman or someone like your mother and a villain can be somebody like Charles Manson or a fictional character such as DR Evil from Austin Powers. There are many different types of people in the world and sometimes you are at the right place at the right time and do something good or you can make wrong decisions and do something that is very bad. The hero and villain I will discuss with you, my audience, is Michael Jordan and Jeffery Dahmer. Two very well known people. Michael Jordan is an idol to not only me but to many other people of many different ages. He was an exceptional basketball player leading the Chicago Bulls to six NBA championships and along the way; he was MVP of the league numerous times. He is the best player in my opinion to ever play the game. However, He is not only a good basketball player he is also a good businessman. He was a representative of ballpark hotdogs, Gatorade, and Nike just to name a few. He was always looking for opportunities to make money as any good businessman does. Even now, he is the co-owner of the Washington Wizards. Yet this is not why I look up to him, I look up to this man because he is a hard worker. He put many hours of work into his game everyday, working out to get better even on game days unlike almost everybody in the league. He was always trying to improve. He also was always a good showman. You will never see him in an interview or in a picture with something bad to say or with out a smile on his face. He knew many younger kids looked up to him and he made an effort not to disappoint anyone, always having a good positive mental attitude. He is just an all around exceptional person. The villain I will discuss with you is Jeffery Dahmer. He was a very sick and twisted person.

Answers Pressure Ulcer

There are two main layers which make up the anatomy of the skin, the epidermis and the dermis. When pressure is applied to the skin the blood supply is cut off and the tissue becomes damaged. 2. There are three main types of force that cause damage to the skin through pressure. These are: . Direct Pressure 2. Shear or shearing force Friction or friction force 3. 3. How long does it take for pressure ulcers to start forming? It is different for each person, some are more susceptible than others.Previously people thought that pressure ulcers started forming after two hours, but this is now known to be inaccurate. 4. What risk factors make service users more susceptible to pressure ulcers? Give 4 examples. 1 . Age 2. Being under or overweight Moisture on the skin 4. Reduced mobility 5. Circulatory problems Lack of sensation 6. 7. Previous history of pressure damage 5. What areas on the body are common sites for pressure ulcer development? Give 5 examples. 1. Scalp 2. Shoulder blades 3. Elbows 4. Sacrum 5. Heels 6. Ears 7. Hips 8. An keels Answers (6-10) 6.Describe the method you would use to check skin for pressure damage. First look at all the areas which are common sites for pressure ulcer development for redness. If you find redness on the skin, feel the area with your hands to check for heat and press the area with your fingers to check for damage of the blood vessels. 7. How would you tell the difference between simple reddening of the skin and actual pressure damage? When you press the reddened areas, healthy skin will go white under your fingers and then return to its normal color, but damaged skin will stay red, which shows that the blood vessels are damaged. . In some cases people have had to have amputations and even died as a consequence of their pressure ulcer. True or false? True 9. What can you do to help prevent pressure ulcer development in service users? Give 3 examples.

Pronoun Exercise Recasting a Paragraph With Pronouns

This exercise will give you practice in using the different forms of personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, and possessive determiners. Instructions Rewrite the following paragraph, substituting an appropriate pronoun for each italicized word or group of words. For example, the first sentence might be rewritten in this way: The fortune teller moved her dry, shriveled hands over the glass ball that she had bought at a dollar store a long time ago. When youre done, compare the sentences in your new paragraph with those in the revised paragraph on page two. The Fortune Teller The fortune teller moved the fortune tellers dry, shriveled hands over the glass ball that the fortune teller had bought at a dollar store a long time ago. The fortune teller could hear the laughter and the occasional shouts of the children as the children ran outside from ride to ride and from tent to tent. The children never came in to see the fortune teller. Instead it was always the face of a laid-off dock worker or a romantic teenager that peered through the entrance way of the fortune tellers tent. The unemployed dock workers wanted to hear about winning lottery tickets and new job opportunities. The teenagers were eager to hear stories about far away places and dark, mysterious strangers. And so the fortune teller always told the dock workers and the teenagers what the dock workers and the teenagers wanted to hear. The fortune teller liked giving the dock workers and the teenagers something to dream about. The fortune teller tried to fill the minds of the dock workers and the teenagers with great expectations. Just then, a young man appeared in the entrance way. The young man was nervous, and the smile of the young man was timid. The young man shuffled into the dark tent, the young mans head full of dreams and yet, at the same time, innocently empty. The fortune teller took the trembling hands of the young man into the fortune tellers own hands, and peered at the revealing lines etched on the palms of the young man. Then, slowly, in the cracked, ancient voice of the fortune teller, the fortune teller began to speak of new job opportunities, far away places, and dark, mysterious strangers. When you have completed this  exercise, compare the sentences in your new paragraph with those in the revised paragraph below. The fortune teller moved  her  dry, shriveled hands over the glass ball that  she  had bought at a dollar store a long time ago.  She  could hear the laughter and the occasional shouts of the children as  they  ran outside from ride to ride and from tent to tent.  They  never came in to see  her. Instead it was always the face of a laid-off dock worker or a romantic teenager that peered through the entrance way of  her  tent. The unemployed dock workers wanted to hear about winning lottery tickets and new job opportunities. The teenagers were eager to hear stories about far away places and dark, mysterious strangers. And so the fortune teller always told  them  what  they  wanted to hear.  She  liked giving  them  something to dream about.  She  tried to fill  their  minds with great expectations. Just then, a young man appeared in the entrance way.  He  was nervous, and  his  smile was timid.  He  shuffled into the dark t ent,  his  head full of dreams and yet, at the same time, innocently empty. The fortune teller took  his  trembling hands into  her  own hands and peered at the revealing lines etched on  his  palms. Then, slowly, in  her  cracked, ancient voice,  she  began to speak of new job opportunities, far away places, and dark, mysterious strangers. Next For additional practice in using pronouns effectively, see the following Editing Exercise: Correcting Errors in Pronoun ReferenceSentence Completion Exercise: Personal Pronouns and Possessive DeterminersUsing the Different Forms of Pronouns